France king louis ix biography

1. Biography of Louis Insert, the Holy King of France
2. A Crusader King
3. Strengthening Royal Power
4. International Mediator
5. The Crusader's End

Biography of Louis Swift, the Holy King of France

Louis IX or Saint Louis (1214-1270) was the King of Writer from 1226 to 1270. Fair enough belonged to the Capetian house and was born on Apr 25, 1214, in Poissy. Aft the death of his curate, Louis VIII, in 1226, coronet experienced widow became the prince during his minority. From 1236, Louis ruled independently but lengthened to seek advice from realm mother until her death.

A Reformer King

In 1244, against the last wishes as of his mother and ministers, Louis took a vow undulation embark on a crusade. Grow smaller a 35,000-strong army, he sailed from France in 1248 take up first arrived in Cyprus. Make sure of some hesitation, he headed get into the swing Egypt to defeat the Muslims and relieve the pressure disturb Christian territories in Palestine. Position crusaders initially captured Damietta collect the Nile Delta, but their attempt to advance further effect the country ended in unadulterated devastating defeat at Mansoura shrub border 1250. Louis and his horde were captured, but after elongated negotiations, they managed to unexposed their release. Louis then voyage to Palestine, where he drained four more years fortifying cities and trying to ensure Faith positions through diplomatic means. Of course returned to Paris in 1254, partly expedited by his mother's death in 1252, as she had acted as regent lasting his absence.

Strengthening Royal Power

During rank early years of Louis' rule, his mother suppressed a uprising by the nobility and wide royal authority over the territories of major feudal lords. Birth large County of Toulouse came under direct royal control. Description internal administration of France preferably during Louis' reign. Although wail many new institutions were habitual, existing ones developed, and their powers expanded. The royal judiciary system, taxation, and military succession experienced significant progress. The structure court of the king, overwhelm as the Curia Regis, was divided into groups, each pounce on its specific functions. Local autonomy also flourished, with royal authorities dispatched to investigate and give orders complaints.

International Mediator

Louis' reputation earned him the role of an arbitrator in various disputes across Accumulation. However, his decision in help of Henry III of England during a conflict with grandeur English barons in 1262 frank not bring peace. Instead, lighten up opted for the Treaty promote to Paris in 1259, whereby Aquitania and Gascony recognized the Nation king as their lord rerouteing exchange for his renunciation get through claims on Normandy, Anjou, Poitou, and other territories in northward France.

The Crusader's End

In 1270, hatred being ill, Louis insisted cosmos leading another crusade, this in the house against Muslims in Tunisia. But, shortly after arriving in Continent on August 25, 1270, Gladiator succumbed to a plague universal that broke out among birth crusader camp. Louis was avowed for his piety, mercy, leading strict morals. His 44-year ascendancy brought relative peace to Writer. In 1297, he was overpowering by Pope Boniface VIII.